The inaugural ceremony at the the Capitol in Washington on Tuesday.
Pool photo by Scott Andrews
Pool photo by Scott Andrews
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Obama Is Sworn In as the 44th President
Published: The New York Times – January 20, 2009
By Carl Hulse
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“Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real,” Mr. Obama said in his inaugural address minutes after he took the oath of office on the same bible used by Abraham Lincoln at his first inaugural in 1861. “They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America — they will be met.”
Published: The New York Times – January 20, 2009
By Carl Hulse
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“Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real,” Mr. Obama said in his inaugural address minutes after he took the oath of office on the same bible used by Abraham Lincoln at his first inaugural in 1861. “They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America — they will be met.”
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Mr. Obama, the first African American to serve as president, spoke to a sea of cheering people, hundreds of thousands of Americans packed on the National Mall from the Capitol to beyond the Washington monument. The multitude was filled with black Americans and Mr. Obama’s triumph was a special and emotional moment for them.
Mr. Obama, the first African American to serve as president, spoke to a sea of cheering people, hundreds of thousands of Americans packed on the National Mall from the Capitol to beyond the Washington monument. The multitude was filled with black Americans and Mr. Obama’s triumph was a special and emotional moment for them.
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With his wife, Michelle, holding the Bible, Mr. Obama, the 47-year-old son of a white mother from Kansas and a black father from Africa, was sworn in just after noon, a little later than planned, and spoke immediately thereafter.
With his wife, Michelle, holding the Bible, Mr. Obama, the 47-year-old son of a white mother from Kansas and a black father from Africa, was sworn in just after noon, a little later than planned, and spoke immediately thereafter.
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In his speech, Mr. Obama promised to take “bold and swift” action to restore the economy by creating jobs through public works projects, improving education, promoting alternative energy and relying on new technology.
In his speech, Mr. Obama promised to take “bold and swift” action to restore the economy by creating jobs through public works projects, improving education, promoting alternative energy and relying on new technology.
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“Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America,” Mr. Obama said in a prepared copy of his remarks.
The new president also noted the ongoing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and the “far-reaching network of violence and hatred” that seeks to harm the country. He used strong language in pledging to confront terrorism, nuclear proliferation and other threats from abroad, saying to the nation’s enemies, “you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.”
“Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America,” Mr. Obama said in a prepared copy of his remarks.
The new president also noted the ongoing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and the “far-reaching network of violence and hatred” that seeks to harm the country. He used strong language in pledging to confront terrorism, nuclear proliferation and other threats from abroad, saying to the nation’s enemies, “you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.”
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But he also signaled a clean break from some of the Bush administration’s policies on national security. “As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals,” he said, adding that the United States is “ready to lead once more.”
He acknowledged that some are skeptical of his ability to fulfill the hope that many have in his ability to move the nation in a new direction.
But he also signaled a clean break from some of the Bush administration’s policies on national security. “As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals,” he said, adding that the United States is “ready to lead once more.”
He acknowledged that some are skeptical of his ability to fulfill the hope that many have in his ability to move the nation in a new direction.
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“What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them - that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply,” said Mr. Obama, who ran for stressing a commitment to reduce partisanship. “The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works - whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified.”
“What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them - that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply,” said Mr. Obama, who ran for stressing a commitment to reduce partisanship. “The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works - whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified.”
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Hundreds of thousands of people packed the National Mall from the West Front of the Capitol to beyond the Washington monument, buttoned up against the freezing chill but projecting a palpable sense of hope as Mr. Obama becomes the first African American to hold the nation’s highest elected office. It was the largest inaugural crowd in decades, perhaps the largest ever; the throng and the anticipation began building even before the sun rose.
Hundreds of thousands of people packed the National Mall from the West Front of the Capitol to beyond the Washington monument, buttoned up against the freezing chill but projecting a palpable sense of hope as Mr. Obama becomes the first African American to hold the nation’s highest elected office. It was the largest inaugural crowd in decades, perhaps the largest ever; the throng and the anticipation began building even before the sun rose.
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After his speech, following a carefully designed script that played out all morning, Mr. Obama was to head inside the Capitol and sign nomination papers for the Cabinet members he chose in the weeks following his Nov. 4 victory. The Senate is to confirm some of those new Cabinet secretaries this afternoon, but Republicans planned to delay the confirmation of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton as secretary of state for at least one day.
After his speech, following a carefully designed script that played out all morning, Mr. Obama was to head inside the Capitol and sign nomination papers for the Cabinet members he chose in the weeks following his Nov. 4 victory. The Senate is to confirm some of those new Cabinet secretaries this afternoon, but Republicans planned to delay the confirmation of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton as secretary of state for at least one day.
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Mr. Obama, who attended church earlier in the day, had coffee with President Bush and his wife, Laura, and then rode with them in a motorcade to Capitol Hill, will then join Congressional leaders and other dignitaries at a luncheon in Statuary Hall. That will be followed by a review of the troops — his first as commander-in-chief — before he travels back downtown at the front of the inaugural parade, which he will then watch from the reviewing stand at 1600 Pennsylvania Ave.
Mr. Obama, who attended church earlier in the day, had coffee with President Bush and his wife, Laura, and then rode with them in a motorcade to Capitol Hill, will then join Congressional leaders and other dignitaries at a luncheon in Statuary Hall. That will be followed by a review of the troops — his first as commander-in-chief — before he travels back downtown at the front of the inaugural parade, which he will then watch from the reviewing stand at 1600 Pennsylvania Ave.
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The crowd, before noon, was easily well into the hundreds of thousands.
Even before the sun rose or the mercury rose to the freezing point, people had streamed from all directions to the West Front of the Capitol, making their way on foot and by mass transit, since traffic was barred from a wide area around the grounds and the National Mall for security and to prevent gridlock.
The crowd, before noon, was easily well into the hundreds of thousands.
Even before the sun rose or the mercury rose to the freezing point, people had streamed from all directions to the West Front of the Capitol, making their way on foot and by mass transit, since traffic was barred from a wide area around the grounds and the National Mall for security and to prevent gridlock.
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Given the historic nature of Mr. Obama’s election, black Americans appeared to be much more prevalent in the gathering crowd than at inaugurals of the recent past.
Earlier in the morning, the Obamas went to church, followed by coffee with President and Mrs. Bush.
Given the historic nature of Mr. Obama’s election, black Americans appeared to be much more prevalent in the gathering crowd than at inaugurals of the recent past.
Earlier in the morning, the Obamas went to church, followed by coffee with President and Mrs. Bush.
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They left Blair House at 8:47 a.m. for the short drive in their new presidential Cadillac limousine to St. John’s Episcopal Church, just a few blocks away, for a prayer service. Mr. Obama wore a dark suit and red tie. Michelle Obama wore a sparkling golden dress and matching coat.
They left Blair House at 8:47 a.m. for the short drive in their new presidential Cadillac limousine to St. John’s Episcopal Church, just a few blocks away, for a prayer service. Mr. Obama wore a dark suit and red tie. Michelle Obama wore a sparkling golden dress and matching coat.
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As the Obamas sat in the center of a front row pew, next to Vice President-elect Joseph Biden Jr. and his wife, Jill, the keynote speaker, Bishop T.D. Jakes of the Windsor Village United Methodist Church in Houston, read a Biblical passage from Daniel 3:19. He then offered some lessons clearly aimed both to brace and hearten the president-elect: “In time of crisis, good men must stand up”; “You cannot change what you will not confront,” and “You cannot enjoy the light without enduring the heat.”
As the Obamas sat in the center of a front row pew, next to Vice President-elect Joseph Biden Jr. and his wife, Jill, the keynote speaker, Bishop T.D. Jakes of the Windsor Village United Methodist Church in Houston, read a Biblical passage from Daniel 3:19. He then offered some lessons clearly aimed both to brace and hearten the president-elect: “In time of crisis, good men must stand up”; “You cannot change what you will not confront,” and “You cannot enjoy the light without enduring the heat.”
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Shortly before 10 a.m., the Obamas arrived at the White House, accompanied by Mr. and Mrs. Biden. The Obamas were met at the door by the Bushes. The two men shook hands and with their wives posed for a picture before going inside for a traditional coffee and a final few moments for the Bushes in the home they have occupied the past eight years.
Mr. Bush and Mr. Obama left the White House at 10:47 and, pausing only momentarily for photographers, entered the limousine that would take them to the Capitol. They arrived there 10 minutes later.
Shortly before 10 a.m., the Obamas arrived at the White House, accompanied by Mr. and Mrs. Biden. The Obamas were met at the door by the Bushes. The two men shook hands and with their wives posed for a picture before going inside for a traditional coffee and a final few moments for the Bushes in the home they have occupied the past eight years.
Mr. Bush and Mr. Obama left the White House at 10:47 and, pausing only momentarily for photographers, entered the limousine that would take them to the Capitol. They arrived there 10 minutes later.
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Aides said Mr. Obama was expected to emphasize personal responsibility in his speech.
“He is going to be counting on the American people to come together,” Colin Powell, the former military leader and secretary of state, said in an appearance on MSNBC on Tuesday morning. “We all have to do something to help the country move forward under the leadership of this new president.”
As a black American who grew up in a segregated nation, Mr. Powell said the inauguration was looming as a powerful and emotional moment for African Americans. “You almost start tearing up,” he said.
Aides said Mr. Obama was expected to emphasize personal responsibility in his speech.
“He is going to be counting on the American people to come together,” Colin Powell, the former military leader and secretary of state, said in an appearance on MSNBC on Tuesday morning. “We all have to do something to help the country move forward under the leadership of this new president.”
As a black American who grew up in a segregated nation, Mr. Powell said the inauguration was looming as a powerful and emotional moment for African Americans. “You almost start tearing up,” he said.
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The crowd that stretched down the mall was festive and enthusiastic. They were bundled against the cold, with the temperature just above 20 degrees at 9 a.m., and the forecast calling for it to remain in the low 30s.
The crowd that stretched down the mall was festive and enthusiastic. They were bundled against the cold, with the temperature just above 20 degrees at 9 a.m., and the forecast calling for it to remain in the low 30s.
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Mr. Obama’s assumption of the presidency caps a remarkable rise for a man first elected to national office in 2004, winning a Senate seat in a year when he also delivered the keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in Boston.
To win the presidency, he defeated Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton of New York, who will become his secretary of state, in a pitched presidential primary battle and then beat Senator John McCain of Arizona in a general election conducted against the backdrop of a national economic collapse.
Mr. Obama’s assumption of the presidency caps a remarkable rise for a man first elected to national office in 2004, winning a Senate seat in a year when he also delivered the keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in Boston.
To win the presidency, he defeated Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton of New York, who will become his secretary of state, in a pitched presidential primary battle and then beat Senator John McCain of Arizona in a general election conducted against the backdrop of a national economic collapse.
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Though Mr. Obama did not emphasize his African American heritage as a candidate, the symbolism was evident and was reinforced by the fact that the swearing in was taking place the day following the national holiday to mark the birth of Dr. Martin Luther King. He will take office less than a month before the bicentennial of the birth of Abraham Lincoln, another Illinoisan who took the office at a time of national turmoil and a man whom Mr. Obama clearly looks to as an inspiration for his own presidency.
Though Mr. Obama did not emphasize his African American heritage as a candidate, the symbolism was evident and was reinforced by the fact that the swearing in was taking place the day following the national holiday to mark the birth of Dr. Martin Luther King. He will take office less than a month before the bicentennial of the birth of Abraham Lincoln, another Illinoisan who took the office at a time of national turmoil and a man whom Mr. Obama clearly looks to as an inspiration for his own presidency.
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“Today is about validation of the dream Dr. King enunciated 45 years ago on the steps on the Lincoln Memorial,” Representative James Clyburn of South Carolina, the No. 3 Democrat in the House and the highest ranking black lawmaker in Congress, said on Tuesday morning.
Responding to warnings that the huge crowd could cause long waits and security screen checkpoints, people packed Washington’s subway trains by 5:30 a.m., filling all the parking lots at the outer stations; the subways had carried more than 400,000 riders by 8 a.m. An accident halted service on one of the main lines around 10 a.m.
“Today is about validation of the dream Dr. King enunciated 45 years ago on the steps on the Lincoln Memorial,” Representative James Clyburn of South Carolina, the No. 3 Democrat in the House and the highest ranking black lawmaker in Congress, said on Tuesday morning.
Responding to warnings that the huge crowd could cause long waits and security screen checkpoints, people packed Washington’s subway trains by 5:30 a.m., filling all the parking lots at the outer stations; the subways had carried more than 400,000 riders by 8 a.m. An accident halted service on one of the main lines around 10 a.m.
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Shortly after 7 a.m., as the sun rose above the Capitol dome, there was a glittering burst of flash-bulbs as the teeming crowd collectively snapped thousands of photos of the dramatic moment. Around the Capitol, ticket gates opened for the long lines that were already waiting.
Before long the Mall was packed with people for as far as the eye could see; by 9 a.m the eastern half of the Mall, closer to the Capitol, was completely full. Large crowds continued to stream in on foot from many blocks away, heading to the area near the Washington Monument. On the East Front, where the swearing in of the president used to occur, Marine One was parked in the plaza, ready to be re-designated for the flight taking President Bush and Mrs. Bush to the airport.
Shortly after 7 a.m., as the sun rose above the Capitol dome, there was a glittering burst of flash-bulbs as the teeming crowd collectively snapped thousands of photos of the dramatic moment. Around the Capitol, ticket gates opened for the long lines that were already waiting.
Before long the Mall was packed with people for as far as the eye could see; by 9 a.m the eastern half of the Mall, closer to the Capitol, was completely full. Large crowds continued to stream in on foot from many blocks away, heading to the area near the Washington Monument. On the East Front, where the swearing in of the president used to occur, Marine One was parked in the plaza, ready to be re-designated for the flight taking President Bush and Mrs. Bush to the airport.
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Inside the Capitol, staffers were scurrying about putting the final touches on the Inaugural Luncheon in Statuary Hall. The corridor leading to the House chamber had been transformed into staging grounds for the caterers, with huge serving tins of beets and green vegetables. Outside the House chamber, were dozens of cases of Korbel Champagne.
Inside the Capitol, staffers were scurrying about putting the final touches on the Inaugural Luncheon in Statuary Hall. The corridor leading to the House chamber had been transformed into staging grounds for the caterers, with huge serving tins of beets and green vegetables. Outside the House chamber, were dozens of cases of Korbel Champagne.
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The tables were set with large centerpieces of red roses. And a lectern, fashioned from a brass statue of a bald eagle, was positioned behind the dais. Decorators were making final adjustments to the lighting of “View of Yosemite Valley” an 1885 painting by Thomas Hill that was positioned directly behind the President Obama’s seat at the center of the dais.
The tables were set with large centerpieces of red roses. And a lectern, fashioned from a brass statue of a bald eagle, was positioned behind the dais. Decorators were making final adjustments to the lighting of “View of Yosemite Valley” an 1885 painting by Thomas Hill that was positioned directly behind the President Obama’s seat at the center of the dais.
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VOCABULARY:
Challenge(s): adjective difficult, in a way that tests your ability or determination
inaugural address: [n] an address delivered at an inaugural ceremony (especially by a US president) – (Discurso Inaugural)
oath: [n] a solemn promise, usually invoking a divine witness, regarding your future acts or behavior ; "they took an oath of allegiance".
be met: verb [T] met, met - to be fulfilled, satisfied, or achieved
span: noun - A period of time: a span of life.
cheering: verb [I] to give a loud shout of approval or encouragement
was sworn: Past Tense of swear – Transitive Verb – to assert as true or promise under oath
thereafter: adverb - from that time on Synonym: thenceforth
bold: adj., bold·er, bold·est. Fearless and daring; courageous.
swift: adj., happening or moving quickly or within a short time, especially in a smooth and easy way
relying: phrasal verb to need a particular thing or the help and support of someone or something in order to continue, to work correctly, or to succeed
ongoing: adj., continuing to exist or develop, or happening at the present moment
seeks: verb [I + to infinitive] sought, sought FORMAL to try or attempt
harm: verb [T] to hurt someone or damage something
outlast: verb [T] to live or exist, or to stay energetic and determined, longer than another person or thing
acknowledged: Past tense of acknowledge - verb [T] to accept, admit or recognize something, or the truth or existence of something
skeptical: adjective doubting that something is true or useful
fulfill: verb [T] to satisfy; to make happy
fail: verb [I] to not succeed in what you are trying to achieve or are expected to do
has shifted: Present Perfect Tense of shift - verb [I or T] to (cause something or someone to) move or change from one position or direction to another, especially slightly
commitment: noun [C or U] when you are willing to give your time and energy to something that you believe in, or a promise or firm decision to do something
partisanship: noun / partizan adjective strongly supporting a person, principle or political party, often without considering or judging the matter very carefully
whether: conjunction (used especially in reporting questions and expressing doubts) if, or not
retirement: noun - [U] the period in someone's life after they have stopped working because they reached a particular age
buttoned up: adjective having a very formal appearance or way of behaving (neste testo tem o sentido de estarem encasacados por causa do frio….)
throng: noun multitude, a large gathering of people
motorcade: noun [C] (US ALSO autocade) a series of cars and other motor vehicles which moves slowly along a road carrying someone important, especially during an official ceremony
commander-in-chief: noun [C] (ABBREVIATION C-in-C) a commander in charge of all the armed forces of a country or of all the forces fighting in a particular area or operation
1600 Pennsylvania Ave: Este é o endereço oficial da Casa Branca (The Official Address of the White House)
Streamed: Past tense of stream- to move continuously in one direction
National Mall: Neste caso o Mall não se refere a um Shopping Center mas sim a uma mistura de Alameda/Parque /Passeio (uma mistura dos 3...) se extende desde o Capitol Hill até o Lincoln Memorial e desde a White House até o Jefferson Memorial
Gridlock: noun [U] a situation where roads in a town become so blocked by cars that it is impossible for any traffic to move
Prevalent: adjective existing very commonly or happening frequently
prayer service: um culto (easier explained in Portuguese)
sparkling: adjective shining brightly
Front row pew: Assento na primeira fileira (easier explained in Poruguese)
Aimed: Past tense of Aim - verb [I] to intend
Enduring: verb [T] to suffer something difficult, unpleasant or painful
Shortly: adverb - shortly after/before sth a short time after or before something
Aides: noun [C] a person whose job is to help someone important, such as a member of a government or a military officer of high rank
Emphasize: verb [T] (UK USUALLY -ise) to show or state that something is particularly important or worth giving attention to
Forward: adverb (also forwards) towards the future
grew up: Past tense of grow up - phrasal verb to gradually become an adult
segregated: adjective – separated or treated differently because of race or sex
looming: Present continuous of Loom - verb [I] to appear as a large, often frightening or unclear shape or object
bundled: verb [I or T; + adverb or preposition] to push or put someone or something somewhere quickly and roughly
backdrop: noun [C] (MAINLY UK backcloth) a large piece of cloth with buildings, countryside, etc. painted on it that is hung at the back of a stage during a performance
heritage: noun [U] features belonging to the culture of a particular society, such as traditions, languages or buildings, which still exist from the past and which have a historical importance
bicentennial: noun, adjective US for bicentenary (200 years)
Illinoisan: Natural from the State of Illinois
Huge: adjective extremely large in size or amount
Crowd: group noun [C] a large group of people who have gathered together
Halted: Past Tense of Halt - verb [I or T] to (cause to) stop moving or doing something or happening
Dome: noun [C] a rounded roof on a building or a room, or a building with such a roof
Glittering: adjective – very bright
Burst: nouns (C) a sudden increase in something, especially for a short period
Staffers: noun [C] mainly US an employee, often of a political organization
Scurrying: Present Continuous Tense – Verb Scurry - to move quickly, with small short steps
Statuary Hall: National Statuary Hall, also known as the Old Hall of the House, is the large, two-story, semicircular room south of the Rotunda. The meeting place of the U.S. House of Representatives for nearly 50 years, and now the main exhibition space for the National Statuary Hall Collection, this room is one of the most historic chambers in the Capitol.
Caterers: noun (C) – people or companies specialized in preparing food for receptions, parties, etc…
Tins: noun [C] (UK ALSO tin) a closed metal container, especially a cylindrical one, in which some types of drink and food are sold
Beets: noun [C or U] a plant with a thick root, which is often fed to animals or used to make sugar (in Portuguese – beterraba)
House chamber: The room in which the House of Representatives normally holds its sessions. The House Chamber is officially called the Hall of the House.
bald eagle: Águia Calva – ave símbolo dos Estados Unidos
dais: noun [C] a raised surface at one end of a meeting room which someone can stand on when speaking to a group
VOCABULARY:
Challenge(s): adjective difficult, in a way that tests your ability or determination
inaugural address: [n] an address delivered at an inaugural ceremony (especially by a US president) – (Discurso Inaugural)
oath: [n] a solemn promise, usually invoking a divine witness, regarding your future acts or behavior ; "they took an oath of allegiance".
be met: verb [T] met, met - to be fulfilled, satisfied, or achieved
span: noun - A period of time: a span of life.
cheering: verb [I] to give a loud shout of approval or encouragement
was sworn: Past Tense of swear – Transitive Verb – to assert as true or promise under oath
thereafter: adverb - from that time on Synonym: thenceforth
bold: adj., bold·er, bold·est. Fearless and daring; courageous.
swift: adj., happening or moving quickly or within a short time, especially in a smooth and easy way
relying: phrasal verb to need a particular thing or the help and support of someone or something in order to continue, to work correctly, or to succeed
ongoing: adj., continuing to exist or develop, or happening at the present moment
seeks: verb [I + to infinitive] sought, sought FORMAL to try or attempt
harm: verb [T] to hurt someone or damage something
outlast: verb [T] to live or exist, or to stay energetic and determined, longer than another person or thing
acknowledged: Past tense of acknowledge - verb [T] to accept, admit or recognize something, or the truth or existence of something
skeptical: adjective doubting that something is true or useful
fulfill: verb [T] to satisfy; to make happy
fail: verb [I] to not succeed in what you are trying to achieve or are expected to do
has shifted: Present Perfect Tense of shift - verb [I or T] to (cause something or someone to) move or change from one position or direction to another, especially slightly
commitment: noun [C or U] when you are willing to give your time and energy to something that you believe in, or a promise or firm decision to do something
partisanship: noun / partizan adjective strongly supporting a person, principle or political party, often without considering or judging the matter very carefully
whether: conjunction (used especially in reporting questions and expressing doubts) if, or not
retirement: noun - [U] the period in someone's life after they have stopped working because they reached a particular age
buttoned up: adjective having a very formal appearance or way of behaving (neste testo tem o sentido de estarem encasacados por causa do frio….)
throng: noun multitude, a large gathering of people
motorcade: noun [C] (US ALSO autocade) a series of cars and other motor vehicles which moves slowly along a road carrying someone important, especially during an official ceremony
commander-in-chief: noun [C] (ABBREVIATION C-in-C) a commander in charge of all the armed forces of a country or of all the forces fighting in a particular area or operation
1600 Pennsylvania Ave: Este é o endereço oficial da Casa Branca (The Official Address of the White House)
Streamed: Past tense of stream- to move continuously in one direction
National Mall: Neste caso o Mall não se refere a um Shopping Center mas sim a uma mistura de Alameda/Parque /Passeio (uma mistura dos 3...) se extende desde o Capitol Hill até o Lincoln Memorial e desde a White House até o Jefferson Memorial
Gridlock: noun [U] a situation where roads in a town become so blocked by cars that it is impossible for any traffic to move
Prevalent: adjective existing very commonly or happening frequently
prayer service: um culto (easier explained in Portuguese)
sparkling: adjective shining brightly
Front row pew: Assento na primeira fileira (easier explained in Poruguese)
Aimed: Past tense of Aim - verb [I] to intend
Enduring: verb [T] to suffer something difficult, unpleasant or painful
Shortly: adverb - shortly after/before sth a short time after or before something
Aides: noun [C] a person whose job is to help someone important, such as a member of a government or a military officer of high rank
Emphasize: verb [T] (UK USUALLY -ise) to show or state that something is particularly important or worth giving attention to
Forward: adverb (also forwards) towards the future
grew up: Past tense of grow up - phrasal verb to gradually become an adult
segregated: adjective – separated or treated differently because of race or sex
looming: Present continuous of Loom - verb [I] to appear as a large, often frightening or unclear shape or object
bundled: verb [I or T; + adverb or preposition] to push or put someone or something somewhere quickly and roughly
backdrop: noun [C] (MAINLY UK backcloth) a large piece of cloth with buildings, countryside, etc. painted on it that is hung at the back of a stage during a performance
heritage: noun [U] features belonging to the culture of a particular society, such as traditions, languages or buildings, which still exist from the past and which have a historical importance
bicentennial: noun, adjective US for bicentenary (200 years)
Illinoisan: Natural from the State of Illinois
Huge: adjective extremely large in size or amount
Crowd: group noun [C] a large group of people who have gathered together
Halted: Past Tense of Halt - verb [I or T] to (cause to) stop moving or doing something or happening
Dome: noun [C] a rounded roof on a building or a room, or a building with such a roof
Glittering: adjective – very bright
Burst: nouns (C) a sudden increase in something, especially for a short period
Staffers: noun [C] mainly US an employee, often of a political organization
Scurrying: Present Continuous Tense – Verb Scurry - to move quickly, with small short steps
Statuary Hall: National Statuary Hall, also known as the Old Hall of the House, is the large, two-story, semicircular room south of the Rotunda. The meeting place of the U.S. House of Representatives for nearly 50 years, and now the main exhibition space for the National Statuary Hall Collection, this room is one of the most historic chambers in the Capitol.
Caterers: noun (C) – people or companies specialized in preparing food for receptions, parties, etc…
Tins: noun [C] (UK ALSO tin) a closed metal container, especially a cylindrical one, in which some types of drink and food are sold
Beets: noun [C or U] a plant with a thick root, which is often fed to animals or used to make sugar (in Portuguese – beterraba)
House chamber: The room in which the House of Representatives normally holds its sessions. The House Chamber is officially called the Hall of the House.
bald eagle: Águia Calva – ave símbolo dos Estados Unidos
dais: noun [C] a raised surface at one end of a meeting room which someone can stand on when speaking to a group
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