The Best Policy

Numbers, money, explaining a choice


The Problem

You are the Travel Organiser for your company which has many executives travelling round the world. Because it is cheaper, you want to find a standard business travel insurance policy which will operate for any of your executives when they have a business trip which involves flying.
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Silver Lining
Insurance.....Executive Ins. ....Loss Support Ins....B.T. Insurance
Premium per flight
+ daily cost
1.50 + 1.00.....1.50 + 1.50..........1.00 + 1.25..........2.00 + 1.00
Maximum
medical
Benefits..1 m.... ...500,000...............750,000...............No Limit
Cover for journey
delays.....yes..........no........................yes..........................yes

Total claimable for loss of :

* valuables..250................250....................200.....................500
* cash...........200................400....................200.....................300
* personal belongings
(clothing etc)..1,000.........1,200...................800...................1,000
* documents....200............250...................200......................200
*equipment...1,500.........2,000...............1,500...................3,000

Action

Discuss and decide which policy to take-out.

Company Cars

(Making Suggestions: Comparatives and Superlatives)


The Problem

You are the Purchasing Manager for your company.


You are responsible for buying cars. Within the next few weeks you have to buy cars for the following people:


Elizabeth Sinclair takes important mail between branches within a 20-mile radius. Recently the rapidly increasing costs of this service have been examined by the finance department and you have been instructed to control further increases.


John Shaw is a salesman. He travels long distances each year carrying large quantities of samples. The sales department have also asked you to keep down costs as much as possible.


Henry Baker drives important visitors to and from the station and the factory every day. There is no other company car available for this important service for your visitors.


Phillip Lucas is the new Finance Manager. He joined the company to implement the new economy campaign. He frequently finds that he has important discussions with visitors in the car while he is driving to another factory.


In Groups discuss the characteristics of a car which would be suitable for each of these employees and fill in the worksheet.

Worksheet

Elizabeth Sinclair

Reliability____________________________________
Noise_______________________________________
Seats_______________________________________
Luggage Space________________________________
Running Costs_________________________________

John Shaw

Reliability_____________________________________
Noise________________________________________
Seats________________________________________
Luggage Space__________________________________
Running Costs__________________________________

Henry Baker

Reliability_____________________________________
Noise________________________________________
Seats________________________________________
Luggage Space_________________________________
Running Costs__________________________________

Phillip Lucas

Reliability_____________________________________
Noise________________________________________
Seats________________________________________
Luggage Space__________________________________
Running Costs__________________________________

Action

Now you will be given a summary of the relevant characteristics of 6 possible cars. Look carefully at the characteristics of each car.

The discuss with your group how each car fulfils you list of characteristics and decide which car the group would recommend for each person.

Car Information Sheet

The following information is based on surveys published in The Car Buying Guide,
Published by Which Magazine.
.
Car: Vauxhall Cavalier1.6 Saloon
Reliability: Average
Noise: Engine Noise
Seats: Comfortable
Luggage Space (litres): 460/860
Fuel consumption (mpg): 34
Running Cost per week: 26
.
Car: Renault 211.7
Reliability: Average
Noise: Good in the front Noisier inthe back
Seats: Soft,Fairly comfortable
Luggage Space (litres): 465/675
Fuel Consumption (mpg): 35
Running Cost per week: 27
.
Car: Ford Sierra 1.6
Reliability: A little below average
Noise: Not excessive
Seats: Confortable
Luggage Space (litres): 400/775
Fuel Consumption (mpg): 31
Running Cost per week: 27
.
Car: Honda Accord 1.6
Reliability: Above average
Noise: Quiet
Seats: Well-shaped,Limited headroom in the back
Luggage Space (litres): 445
Fuel Consumption (mpg): 32
Running Cost per week: 30
.
Car: Mazda 626
Reliability: Better than average
Noise: Volume not great
Seats: Comfortable limited legroom in the back
Luggage Space (litres): 400/880
Fuel Consumption: 34
Running Cost per week: 26
.
Car: Audi 80 1.8
Reliability: Much better than average
Noise: Good in the front noisier in the back
Seats: Not much headroom or legroom in the back
Luggage Space (litres): 305
Fuel Consumption: 31
Running Cost per week: 32
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Notes:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Learning in the News XXVII

Stuart Isett for The New York Times

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A Holdout Against Developers Leaves a Legacy
Published: The New York Times by William Yardley
December 27, 2008
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Before construction began on neighboring buildings, Edith Macefield refused developers’ offer of $1 million to sell her house, which was built in 1900. She died in June.
.
SEATTLE — People love to point out Edith Macefield’s tiny house in the old fishing village of Ballard and recount how she refused an offer of $1 million from developers who wanted to buy it. They had planned to level her home to make way for a boutique supermarket and a health club.
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The project, in faux industrial concrete and steel, is more evidence of change in a city whose growth and economic success over the past two decades have put its modest neighborhoods like Ballard under perpetual renovation.
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Ms. Macefield had little time for trendy food or fitness. Her interests were opera and Sinatra, Garbo on videotape or the classics in dusty hardback. She had history, too. If she let you in the door, she might recount her escape from a concentration camp while she was an undercover agent for the British during World War II. She might tell of her liaisons, long ago, with men of means and renown.
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“She was just full of stories and stories and stories about her past,” said Charlie Peck, whose friendship with Ms. Macefield began more than 20 years ago, after she gave him a collection of recordings of Benny Goodman, Paul Whiteman and other bandleaders on old 78s.
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Ms. Macefield’s refusal to sell her house made the news more than once. In a city knotted over its shifting identity, she seemed a familiar face, old Seattle, vulnerable but resistant to the march of gentrification and blandness. Yet it turns out that Ms. Macefield was writing a different story, and her little house, which still stirs tension, was not all she left behind. It turns out that Ms. Macefield was not so knowable, even to the few people she invited into her life. She was not such a succinct symbol after all.
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“Everybody that’s come in and tried to talk about this has tried to create that image of her,” said Mike Semandiris, whose family has owned a chili parlor around the corner for more than 70 years. “But she didn’t give a damn about preserving old Ballard. The lady just wanted to live in her house.”
Ms. Macefield was 86 when she died in June of pancreatic cancer. Six months later, her 108-year-old bungalow is cloaked by what will soon become an LA Fitness club and a Trader Joe’s, set to open next year.
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Inside, bed sheets are still on the living room sofa where Ms. Macefield slept when she could no longer climb the stairs. Ceramic cows ornament the top of every appliance. A few copies of “The Little House,” the children’s tale by Virginia Lee Burton of a country cabin swallowed by sprawling development, are in one corner. People she did not know would drop them off.
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In a bookcase in a dark hallway there is another book, not well known like the others. In fact, it is unclear whether anyone other than its author has ever read “Where Yesterday Began.”
Ms. Macefield paid to have her novel published in 1994, under the pen name Domilini. It is set against the backdrop of post-World War I Europe.
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An introductory page begins, “This story is for all those who have ever loved — truly, deeply, irrevocably — and in the thrust of disaster. For some, love simply dies — and one moves on. But for a few, love is as lasting as the ages — despite the impossibilities, the separation, the insured loneliness.”
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The book is 1,138 pages long, not counting the musical references, from Scottish folk songs to a 1915 work by the English composer Albert W. Ketelbey, and a 16-page glossary of the French, German and Italian phrases sprinkled throughout. “I think it was kind of a love story,” said Mr. Peck, the longtime friend. “I never did read it.”
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The book is dedicated to “B. Robert Aigner, M.D.,” with no explanation why. Reached by phone at his home in a Seattle suburb, Dr. Aigner, 80, said he remembered Ms. Macefield was a patient, but nothing more.
.
Dr. Aigner, a neurologist, was amazed and amused that Ms. Macefield would have dedicated her ambitious work to him. He had never heard of it.
“I have no idea what I was treating her for,” he said.
She wrote other manuscripts and short stories, and, of course, there are the tales she told the few visitors she invited inside her house.
Ms. Macefield constructed her stories while the city surrounding her rushed to construct itself, while the new condos rose even as the big seagoing fish processors still sounded their horns on their way to Alaska, while the coffee shops became espresso shops and the bars became clubs.
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She lived on a street whose other houses had been torn down decades ago. Not only did she have no real neighbors, but she also had no known family. Born in Oregon, she told people she had moved to Seattle from Europe as an adult to care for her mother. Her mother died many years ago, apparently in the house that Ms. Macefield refused to sell.
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For years Mr. Peck was the person closest to her. They both loved music. He was a divorced father without much money when he met her in the 1980s. Soon he was driving her to appointments, helping get her groceries. He bought her the word processor that still sits on a desk in her house. She became like a grandmother to his sons.
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“She was a really curious person, but she was always fun,” Mr. Peck said.
By the early 1990s, he said, Ms. Macefield had made him the beneficiary of her estate through a living trust. Now that she is gone, he said he has hired a lawyer to determine his rights. Not that Ms. Macefield had much beyond well-positioned real estate. All Mr. Peck said he knew was that she worked decades ago making deliveries for the Washington Dental Service.
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In the fall of 2006, as developers were pressing Ms. Macefield, Mr. Peck tried to convince her to sell. She was in the hospital after having fallen and broken some ribs, he recalled, and the sale would have paid Ms. Macefield about $1 million, as well as help her move to new housing.
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“She just pulled out, right there, at the last minute,” said Mr. Peck, 63. “She didn’t trust them. It really hurt our relationship, too, because she thought I was in bed with these guys.” Mr. Peck has since moved to another part of the state.
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In February, Ms. Macefield signed a new will that placed her estate in the control of a man she had known well for less than a year, Barry Martin, the senior superintendent of the construction project that was quickly surrounding her. The trailer from which Mr. Martin was overseeing the project was just a few dozen feet from Ms. Macefield’s house.
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“At first, it was only 10 minutes of your time,” said Mr. Martin, 52, “but pretty soon she’s actually counting on you. And you can’t just walk away.”
He took her to the doctor. Then he took out her laundry. Then he dropped off lunch. Then one night he cooked her halibut and new potatoes and green beans. Then it was three meals a day and then he was changing the liner on her dentures. Then, last spring, Ms. Macefield was told she had cancer. She died at home.
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Word got out later that Mr. Martin had gained control of Ms. Macefield’s estate. He had made no mention of this when reporters first interviewed him after her death.
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Some people sniped on the local blogs. Others weighed in at Mike’s Chili Parlor, around the corner. They said Mr. Martin was an opportunist, either a tool of the developer or out for himself.
“I am going to benefit,” Mr. Martin said, standing in Ms. Macefield’s kitchen, his eyes welling more than once with tears. “And that’s the dilemma.”
.
What happened to him, Mr. Martin said, is what had happened to many people who Ms. Macefield let in her front door. He listened to her stories, and while he did not know if all of them were true, he liked that she told them, and he liked her.
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“Barry’s probably closer to altruistic than opportunistic,” said Mr. Semandiris, of the chili parlor. “I think once he got to know her he was probably into it for the right reasons.”
Given the downturn in the market, nobody thinks the house will fetch anything close to $1 million anymore. Still, Mr. Martin said, he does plan to sell it, to make whatever he can to help pay for his daughters’ college education. He said Ms. Macefield would have wanted it that way.
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He said he would have to muster the willpower to clean the place out, to gather up all those ceramic cows, to pack up the Puccini and Perry Como recordings. There also is the question of what to do with the stories that Ms. Macefield wrote.
He, too, has yet to read “Where Yesterday Began.”
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Vocabulary:
Holdout: noun [C] a person, organization or country that continues to do something, despite other people trying to force them not to
to point out: phrasal verb [M]to tell someone about some information, often because you believe they are not aware of it or have forgotten it
tiny: adjective - extremely small
to level: verb [T] -ll- or US USUALLY -l- 1 to make a surface flat - 2 to completely destroy a building or area
to make way: same as to give way - to be replaced by something, especially because it is better, cheaper, easier, etc
faux: adjective [before noun]not real, but made to look or seem real; false
trendy: adjective INFORMAL modern and influenced by the most recent fashions or ideas
dusty: adjective - covered in dust
hardback: noun [C or U] (US ALSO hardcover) a book which has a stiff cover
undercover agent: adjective [before noun] working secretly using a false appearance in order to get information for the police or government
liaisons: noun - [C] MAINLY US someone who helps groups to work effectively with each other
renown: noun [U] FORMAL the state of being famous
78s: Antigos discos de 78 rotações –(Easier explained in Portuguese)
Knotted: verb [T] -tt- to fast by tying together the ends of a piece or pieces of string, rope, cloth, etc
Gentrification: noun [U] when an area is gentrified (people of high social class, especially in the past)
Blandness: noun [U] lacking a strong taste or character or lacking in interest or energy
turns out: (HAPPEN) phrasal verb to happen in a particular way or to have a particular result, especially an unexpected one
stirs: verb to stir – in this case used figuratively - verb [I] -rr- UK INFORMAL DISAPPROVING to cause trouble intentionally between other people, especially by telling false or secret information
knowable: adjective able to be known
succinct: adjective APPROVING said in a clear and short way; expressing what needs to be said without unnecessary words
chili parlor: A place specialized in Chili - Texans call it ‘A BOWL OF RED’. They think Chili Con Carne was invented in a jailhouse in San Antonio, Fort Worth, Corsicana or where ever (depends on who’s spinnin’ the yarn.)
didn’t give a damn: didn’t care for
pancreatic cancer: Cancer de pancreas (easier explained in Portuguese)
cloaked: noun [S or U] something which hides, covers or keeps something else secret
climb: verb [I] to go up, or to go towards the top of something
swallowed: Past tense of to swallow – verb [M] If something large swallows (up) another thing, it makes it disappear or stop existing separately by making it part of itself
sprawling: verb [I usually + adverb or preposition] DISAPPROVING (especially of a city) to cover a large area of land with buildings which have been added at different times so that it looks untidy
development: noun [C] UK an area of high numbers of people without jobs where the government encourages new industries to start so that more jobs will be created
is set against: phrasal verb to consider something in relation to another thing and compare their different qualities or effects (in this text it means that it is placed against….)
backdrop: noun - [S] the view behind something
loneliness: noun [U] the state of being lonely
sprinkled: Past tense of sprinkle - verb [T] to scatter a few bits or drops of something over a surface
throughout: preposition, adverb in every part, or during the whole period of time
amazed: adjective extremely surprised
amused: adjective showing that you think something is funny
seagoing: adjective [before noun] (of ships) built for use on journeys across the sea, not just for coastal and river journeys
fish processors: Plantas de processameno e industrialização de peixes e frutos do mar (easier explained in Portuguese)
torn down: phrasal verb [M] to intentionally destroy a building or other structure because it is not being used or it is not wanted any more
beneficiary: noun [C] a person or group who receives money, advantages, etc. as a result of something else (neste texto usado como herdeiro)
estate: noun [C] LEGAL everything that a person owns when they die
developers: noun [C] a person whose job involves buying and selling buildings and land, and arranging for new buildings to be built
overseeing: verb [T] overseeing, oversaw, overseen to watch or organize a job or an activity to make certain that it is being done correctly
halibut: noun [C] plural halibut or halibuts a big, flat sea fish which can be eaten (alabote negro)
dentures: plural noun false teeth fixed to a small piece of plastic or similar material, which fits inside the mouth of someone who does not have their own teeth
sniped: verb [I] to criticize someone unpleasantly
tool: noun - something that helps you to do a particular activity
welling: verb [I usually + adverb or preposition] (of liquid) to appear on the surface of something or come slowly out from somewhere
downturn: noun [C usually singular] a reduction in the amount or success of something, such as a country's economic activity
fetch: verb [T] to be sold for a particular amount of money
to muster: verb [I or T] to produce or encourage especially an emotion or support
willpower: noun [U] the ability to control your own thoughts and the way in which you behave; determination
to gather up: verb 1 [T] to collect or obtain several things, often from different places or people

Essential Idioms in English - Contents

SECTION 1 - BASIC
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LESSON 1
Get in/get on…. get out of / get off….put on….take off….call up….turn on….turn off
right away….pick up…. sooner or later….get up….at first
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LESSON 2
Dress up….at last….as usual….find out….look at….look for….all right….all along..
Little by little…tired out….call on….never mind
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LESSON 3
Pick out….take one’s time….talk over….lie down….stand up….sit down…. all(day, week, month, year) long… by oneself… on purpose….get along with…make a difference (to)…take out
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LESSON 4
Take part in….at all….look up….wait on….at least…. so far….take a walk, stroll, hike, etc… take a trip…. try on….think over….take place… put away
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LESSON 5
Look out…. shake hands… get back….catch cold…get over….make up one’s mind… change one’s mind…for the time being….for good… call off….put off…in a hurry
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LESSON 6
Under the weather….hang up…count on…make friends… out of order…get to…
Few and far between….look over… have / take time off…. go on…. put out…all of a sudden
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LESSON 7
Point out…be up…be over…on time….in time to… get better, worse, etc…get sick,
well, tired, busy, wet, etc… had better… would rather… call it a day/night…figure out…think of
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LESSON 8
Be about to… turn around…. take turns… pay attention (to)….brush up on… over and over (again)…. wear out….throw away…fall in love….go out…out of the question….have to do with
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LESSON 9
Wake up….be in charge of…. as soon as….get in touch with….have a good time…in no time….cut down on….quite a few….used to….be used to….get used to…back and forth
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LESSON 10
Make sure…now and then….get rid of…every other (one)…go with… first-rate….come from….make good time….mix up….see about….make out…by heart
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LESSON 11
Keep out….keep away (from)….find fault with… be up to…ill at ease….do over…look into…take hold of….get through….from now on…..keep track of…be carried away
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LESSON 12
Up to date…. out of date…blow up…. catch fire….burn down….burn up….burn out…make good…stands to reason….break out….as for…feel sorry for
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LESSON 13
Break down…turn out….once in a blue moon….give up….cross out….take for granted…. take into account…make clear….clear-cut….have on….come to….call for
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REVIEW – LESSONS 1 –13
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SECTION 2 - INTERMEDIATE
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LESSON 14
Eat in / eat out…. cut and dried…. look after….feel like….once and for all… hear from…. hear of…..make fun of….come true….as a matter of fact….have one’s way… look forward to
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LESSON 15
Inside out… upside down….fill in….fill out… take advantage of….no matter….take up… take up with…take after…. in the long run…. in touch….out of touch
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LESSON 16
On one’s toes….get along….hard of hearing…see eye to eye….have in mind…. keep in mind…for once….go off….grow out of….make the best of….cut off….cut out
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LESSON 17
Blow out….. become of…. shut up…..have got…have got to….keep up with…on the other hand….turn down….fifty-fifty….break in…. a lost cause….above all
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LESSON 18
Do without….according to….be bound to… for sure….take for…try out….tear down… tear up…..go over….run out of…. at heart….about to
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LESSON 19
Bite off….tell apart….all in all….pass out….go around…be in (the/one’s way)…put on…. put up….put up with… in vain….day in and day out… catch up
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LESSON 20
Hold still….know by sight….be the matter….bring up….get lost….hold up….run away….rule out….by far….see off….see out…..no wonder
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LESSON 21
Go up….go up to….hand in…in case…..take apart….put together…be better of…
be well-off….take by surprise….keep in touch with…. name after….hold on
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LESSON 22
Stop by…drop (someone a line)….come across….stand for….stand a chance….take pains….look on….look up to….look down on…take off…pull off….keep time
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LESSON 23
Make do….give birth to….close call….get on one’s nerves….put down….go for…go in for…stay up….stay in….take over….show up…. clean out
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LESSON 24
Knock out….knock oneself out….carry out….run into….set out….set out to…
draw up… give and take….drop out of….believe in….cheer up…. make sense
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LESSON 25
Burst out….get away….get away with….serve (someone right)…. keep up….keep up with….stand out…let on….go wrong….meet (someone) halfway….check up on… stick up
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LESSON 26
Come about….bring about…build up….die down….fade away….die out…make out…live up to….stick it to… stand up for…cut corners
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LESSON 27
Take on…take down….fall through…fall behind….give in…..give off….give out…have it in for….have it out with….hold off…hold out… hold over
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REVIEW – LESSONS 14 – 27
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SECTION 3 – ADVANCED
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LESSON 28
Let up…lay off….bring out….bring back….wait up for….leave alone…let alone… break off… wear off…. wear down….on the whole…touch and go
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LESSON 29
Work out…back up…back out…have one’s heart set on…. buy up….buy out….
sell out….catch on…. be cut out for….throw out…throw up….clear up
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LESSON 30
Slow down….dry up….dry out…be up to something…beat around the bush…. come to an end…put and end to…. get even with…fool around…look out on…stir up….take in
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LESSON 31
Go through… go without saying…. put (someone on)…. keep one’s head…. lose one’s head… narrow-minded…… stand up….get the better of….break loose….on edge….waste one’s breath… cut short
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LESSON 32
Step in…. step down…step on….a steal….play up to…more or less….screw up…..
goof up…. go off the deep end…. lose one’s touch…. in hand….on hand
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LESSON 33
Kick (something) around….on the ball….make up….make up with….pull together..
be looking up…kick the habit….cover up….drop off….turn over….go through channels…last straw
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LESSON 34
Get cold feet….trade in….face-to-face….be with (someone)…be with it….fall for….it figures….fill (someone) in….make (someone) tick….cover for….give (someone) a break….bow out
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LESSON 35
Pin on….get a rise out of…stick around….pick up the tab….be the way….go to town….let slide….search me…..get off one’s chest….live it up….liven up…have a voice in
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LESSON 36
Check in….check out….take at (the/one’s) word….serve one’s purpose….in the worst way….cop out….line up….lose one’s cool….leave open….turn on….miss the boat….think up
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LESSON 37
Throw (someone) a curve…. make waves…carry on….not on your life…cover ground… mind the store….throw the book at….put one’s foot in…be up for grabs
…show off…learn the ropes….keep (one’s) fingers crossed
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LESSON 38
Land on one’s feet… dish out….get through to….keep one’s word… be over one’s head…ask for…be a far cry from….by all means….get out from under…take the bull by the horns…. give (someone) a hand….give (someone) a big hand
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LESSON 39
Goof off….talk back to…. be in…..be out….draw the line at… get out of line…. dry run….play by ear….be in (someone’s) shoes…. Keep after…fix up… be had

Answer Key

LESSON 1
A. 1.b 2.c 3.b 4.a 5.b 6.c 7.a 8.c 9.b 10.c
B. turns off / right away / gets up / sooner or later / turns on / takes off /
puts on
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LESSON 2
A. 1.c 2.c 3.a 4.b 5.a 6.a 7.b 8.b 9.b 10.a
B. dress up / looking for / tired out / never mind / looking at / found out / at last
all along
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LESSON 3
A. 1.a 2.c 3.a 4.b 5.b 6.a 7.c 8.b 9.c 10.a
B by yourself / take out / all…along / on purpose / talk over / getting along with
sit down
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LESSON 4
A. 1.c 2.a 3.c 4.a 5.b 6.c 7.a 8.b 9.b 10.a
B. wait on or attend to / at all / so far / at least / take a walk or take a stroll /
think…over
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LESSON 5
A. 1.b 2.a 3.c 4.b 5.a 6.b 7.a 8.b 9.c 10.b
B. get back / in a hurry / make up my mind / gotten over / for the time being
put off
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LESSON 6
A. 1.a 2.b 3.c 4.c 5.b 6.a 7.a 8.c 9.b 10.c
B. under the weather / all of a sudden / hung up / look over / count on / put out
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LESSON 7
A. 1.c 2.b 3.a 4.a 5.c 6.c 7.c 8.b 9.b 10.a
B. in time to / had better / would rather / figure out / point out / think…of
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LESSON 8
A. 1.b 2.a 3.c 4.c 5.a 6.c 7.b 8.c 9.a 10.b
B. worn out / over and over again / go out / throw away / out of the question /
have to do with / fallen in love
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LESSON 9
A. 1.a 2.c 3.c 4.b 5.a 6.a 7.b 8.c 9.b 10.b
B. am used to / in no time / get in touch with / quite a few / be in
charge of
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LESSON 10
A. 1.c 2.c 3.b 4.b 5.a 6.a 7.c 8.a 9.b 10.a
B. goes with / get rid of / making out / by heart / see about / first-rate /
make good time
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LESSON 11
A. 1.a 2.c 3.b 4.a 5.b 6.a 7.c 8.b 9.a 10.c
B. keep out / get through / do…over / from now on / keep away from / up to /
find fault with / ill at ease / get carried away
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LESSON 12
A. 1.b 2.a 3.c 4.a 5.c 6.c 7.a 8.a 9.b 10.a
B. broke out / burned down / out of date / burned up or ticked off / as for /
feel sorry for / stands to reason / up-to-date
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LESSON 13
A. 1.a 2.a 3.b 4.c 5.c 6.c 7.a 8.a 9.b 10.c
B. turns out / have on / broke down / once in a blue moon / calls for / take for
granted / comes to / take into account
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REVIEW – LESSON 1 – 13
A. 1.d 2.l 3.a 4.g 5.f 6.i 7.k 8.b 9.c 10.e 11.h 12.j
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B. 1.f 2.f 3.t 4.t 5.f 6.t 7.f 8.t 9.f 10.t 11.f 12.f
.
C. 1. to look at 2.to look into 3.to look up 4.looked over 5. look for
6.look out
.
D. 1.to take place 2.take hold of 3.takes her time 4.took out 5. to take part in
6.to take a walk 7.take turns 8.take off 9. to take a trip
.
E. 1.get rid of 2.to get in touch with 3. to get over 4.to get on, get off
5.get out of, get in 6.to get along with 7.gets up, gets to, gets back
.
LESSON 14
A. 1.c 2.a 3.b 4.a 5.c 6.c 7.a 8.b 9.b 10.a
.
LESSON 15
A. 1.c 2.c 3.a 4.b 5.a 6.c 7.a 8.c 9.b 10.c
.
LESSON 16
A. 1.b 2.a 3.c 4.b 5.b 6.b 7.c 8.c 9.b 10.a
.
LESSON 17
A. 1.a 2.b 3.a 4.c 5.a 6.c 7.a 8.b 9.b 10.a
.
LESSON 18
A. 1.c 2.a 3.a 4.a 5.b 6.b 7.c 8.b 9.a 10.c
.
LESSON 19
A. 1.b 2.a 3.b 4.b 5.c 6.a 7.a 8.b 9.b 10.c
.
LESSON 20
A. 1.c 2.a 3.b 4.b 5.a 6.b 7.c 8.b 9.a 10.b
.
LESSON 21
A. 1.b 2.a 3.b 4.c 5.c 6.a 7.b 8.b 9.a 10.c
.
LESSON 22
A. 1.a 2.c 3.c 4.a 5.b 6.c 7.b 8.a 9.b 10.a
.
LESSON 23
A. 1.c 2.b 3.b 4.c 5.b 6.a 7.a 8.c 9.b 10.c
.
LESSON 24
A. 1.c 2.c 3.b 4.a 5.a 6.b 7.b 8.c 9.b 10.c
.
LESSON 25
A. 1.c 2.c 3.a 4.a 5.b 6.b 7.c 8.a 9.c 10.a
.
LESSON 26
A. 1.b 2.c 3.a 4.a 5.b 6.c 7.a 8.b 9.b 10.c
.
LESSON 27
A. 1.c 2.a 3.b 4.b 5.c 6.b 7.b 8.a 9.a 10.c
.
REVIEW – LESSON 14 – 27
A. 1. i 2.c 3.k 4.e 5.g 6.l 7.b 8.d 9.j 10.a 11.f 12.h
.
B. 1.t 2.f 3.t 4.t 5.f 6.t 7.f 8.f 9.t 10.t 11.f 12.t
.
C. 1. close call 2.called it a day 3.calls for 4.calls up 5. called off
6 call on
.
D. 1.make a difference 2.to make fun of 3.made good time 4.make sense
5.to make do 6.make good 7. make out 8.make clear 9.to make the
best of
.
E. 1.put away 2.put up with 3.put on 4.put out 5.put off 6.to put down
7.to put together
.
REVIEW – LESSONS 28 – 39
A. 1.e 2.i 3.a 4.f 5.g 6.b 7.k 8.l 9.d 10.h 11.c 12.j
B. 1.t 2.f 3.t 4.f 5.t 6.t 7.f 8.f 9.f 10.t 11.f 12.t
.
C. 1.gave birth to 2.to give me a break 3.give and take 4.give me a hand
5. gave (him or her) a big hand 6. gave out 7.is giving off 8. gave up
9. give in
.
D. 1. to keep his head 2.to keep up with 3. to keep track of 4.to keep after
5.keep your word 6.keep in touch with 7.to keep away 8. keep in mind
9.keep our fingers crossed
.
E. 1.went off 2.went over 3.touch and go 4. to go around 5. go through
6.went to town 7.go in for 8.goes without saying 9.goes with

Lesson 1

Get in/get on.... get out of/get off…put on…take off… call up… turn on… turn off…
Right away… pick up… sooner or later… get up… at first
.
To get in/to get on: to enter or to board a vehicle
To get in is used for cars; to get on is used for all other forms of transportation.
Ø It’s easiest to get in the car from the driver’s side. The door on the other side doesn’t work well.
Ø I always get on the bus to work at 34th street.
.
To get out of/to get off: to leave or to descend from a vehicle.
To get out of is used for cars; to get off is used for all other forms of transportation.
Ø Why don’t we stop and get out of the car for a while?
Ø Helen got off the train at the 42nd Street terminal.
.
To put on: to place on oneself (usually said of clothes) (S)*
Ø Mary put on her coat and left the room.
Ø Put your hat on before you leave the house.
.
To take off: to remove (usually said of clothes) (S)
Ø John took off his jacket as he entered the office.
Ø Take your sweater off. The room is very warm.
.
To call up: to telephone (also: to give someone a call) (S)
To call can be used instead of to call up, as in the first example below.
Ø I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday. I’d better call him now.
Ø Call me up tomorrow, Jane. We’ll arrange a time to have lunch together.
Ø I promise to give you a call as soon as I arrive in New York.
.
To turn on: to start or cause to function (also to switch on) (S)
Ø Please turn on the light; it’s too dark in here.
Ø Do you know who turned the air conditioning on?
.
To turn off: to cause to stop de functioning (also: to switch off, to shut off) (S)
Turn on and turn off, as well as their related forms, are used for things that flow, such as electricity, water, gas, etc.
Ø Please turn off the light when you leave the room.
Ø Are you really listening to the radio, or should I turn it off?
.
*The symbol (S) indicates that an idiom is separable – that a noun or noun phrase may be placed between the verb and the special preposition (called a particle). In these cases, examples of both separable and inseparable forms are given.
.
Right away: very soon; immediately (also: at once)
Ø Dad says that dinner will be ready right away, so we’d better wash our hands and set the table.
Ø Tell Will to come to my office right away. I must see him immediately.
Ø Stop playing that loud music at once!
.
To pick up: to lift from the floor, table, etc., with one’s fingers (S)
Ø Harry picked up the newspaper that was on the front doorstep.
Ø Could you pick your toy up before someone falls over it?
.
Sooner or later: eventually, after a period of time
Ø If you study English seriously, sooner or later you’ll become fluent.
Ø I’m too tired to do my homework now; I’m sure I’ll do it sooner or later.
.
To get up: to arise, to rise from a bed, to make someone arise (S)
For the last definition a noun phrase must separate the verb and particle.
Ø Carla gets up at seven o’clock every morning.
Ø At what time should we get the children up tomorrow?
.
At first: in the beginning, originally
Ø At first English was difficult for him, but later he made great progress.
Ø I thought at first that it was Sheila calling, but then I realized that it was Betty.
.
E X E R C I S E S
.
Choose the appropriate idiomatic expression to substitute for the italicized word or words in each sentence below.
.
1. His alarm clock is always set for six o’clock. He arises at the same time every
day.
a. turns off
b. gets up
c. puts on
.
2. She telephoned her friend to tell him about the meeting. They decided to drive
there together.
a. turned on
b. took off
c. called up
.
3. It’s 4 P.M. now, and this important letter must be mailed today. Can you take it to
the post office immediately?
a. at first
b. right away
c. sooner of later
.
4. Be sure to switch off the light before you leave the house.
a. to turn off
b. to take off
c. to get off
.
5. Pat placed her new hat on her head while looking in the mirror.
a. picked up
b. put on
c. gets on
.
6. Remove your jacket and sit down for a few minutes.
a. Turn on
b. Get on
c. Take off
.
7. I want to stay unmarried for a while, but I hope to get married eventually.
a. sooner or later
b. right away
c. at first
.
8. In the beginning I thought that it was Bob who was in the car.
a. To get on
b. At once
c. At first
.
9. He boarded the bus at Broadway and 79th Street.
a. got off
b. got on
c. picked up
.
10. John took the pencil with his fingers and began to write a note.
a. turned on
b. got off
c. picked up
.
Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of an idiomatic expression from this unit
.
Jean’s alarm clock makes a loud ringing noise. She________________ the alarm clock immediately after it rings each morning. However, she doesn’t rise from bed
____________________ . She waits a few minutes before she______________.
Jean enjoys lying in bed for a while, but _______________ she gets up. Then she
________________ the bedroom light and goes to her closet. She____________
her pajamas and ________________ her work clothes.

Lesson 2

Dress up... at last... as usual… find out… look at…. look for…. all right… all along.. little by little…. tired out…. call on…. Never mind
.
To dress up: to wear formal clothes, to dress very nicely
Ø We should definitely dress up to go to the theater.
Ø You don’t have to dress up for Mike’s party.
.
At last: finally, after a long time
Ø We waited for hours and then the train arrived at last.
Ø Now that I am sixteen, at last I can drive my parents’ car
.
As usual: as is the general case, as is typical
Ø George is late for class as usual. This seems to happen every day.
Ø As usual, Dora received first prize in the swimming contest. It’s the third consecutive year that she has won.
.
To find out: get information about, to determine (S)
This idiom is separable only when a pronoun is used, as in the second example.
Ø Will you please try to find out what time the airplane arrives?
Ø I’ll call right now to find it out.
.
To look at: give one’s attention to, to watch
Ø The teacher told us to look at the blackboard and not at our books.
Ø I like to walk along a country road at night and look at the stars.
.
To look for: to try to find, to search for
An adverb phrase such as all over can be put between the verb and preposition, as in the second example. However, the idiom cannot be separated by a noun or pronoun.
Ø He’s spent over an hour looking for the pen that he lost.
Ø So there you are! We’ve looked all over for you.
.
All right: acceptable, fine; yes, okay
This idiom can also be spelled alright in informal usage.
Ø He said that it would be all right to wait in her office until she returned.
Ø Do you want me to turn off the TV? Alright, if you insist.
.
All along: all the time, from the beginning (without change)
Ø She knew all along that we’d never agree with his plan.
Ø You’re smiling! Did you know all along that I’d give you a birthday present?
.
Little by little: gradually, slowly (also: step by step)
Ø Karen’s health seems to be improving little by little.
Ø If you study regularly each day, step by step your vocabulary will increase.
.
To tire out: to make very weary due to difficult conditions or hard effort (also: to wear out) (S)
Ø The hot weather tired out the runners in the marathon.
Ø Does studying for final exams wear you out? It makes me feel worn out!
.
To call on: to ask for a response from; to visit (also: to drop in on)
Ø Jose didn’t know the answer when the teacher called on him.
Ø Last night several friends called on us at our home.
Ø Why don’t we drop in on Sally a little later?
.
Never mind: don’t be concerned about it, ignore what was just said
Ø When he spilled his drink on my coat, I said, “Never mind. It needs to be cleaned anyway.”
Ø So you weren’t listening to me again. Never mind; it wasn’t important.
.
E X E R C I S E S
.
Choose the appropriate idiomatic expression to substitute for the italicized word or words in each sentence below. Idioms from previous lessons are indicated by number.
1. Nan is trying to find the purse that she lost yesterday.
a. finding out
b. looking at
c. looking for
.
2. As is typical, Doug is late for the meeting.
a. At last
b. All along
c. As usual
.
3. Were you able to determine what his occupation is?
a. to find out
b. to pick up (lesson 1)
c. to call on
.
4. I am very weary after all that physical exercise today.
a. turned off (lesson 1)
b. tired out
c. never mind
.
5. John’s mother knew that he wasn’t telling the truth from the beginning.
a. all along
b. all right
c. little by little
6. Some old friends of mine visited us last night.
a. called on
b. called up (lesson 1)
c. wore out
.
7. Eventually, Mario will be able to speak English better than he does now.
a. Never mind
b. Sooner of Later (lesson 1)
c. At last
.
8. Is it acceptable for Mary to borrow our car for a few hours?
a. right away (Lesson 1)
b. all right
c. step by step
.
9. Would you please give your attention to me while I’m talking?
a. dress up
b. look at
c. wear out
.
10. They waited for forty-five minutes until finally the waiter brought their food.
a. at last
b. little by little
c. at first (lesson 1)
.
Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of an idiomatic expression from this unit only.
.
Bob: Jim, should we______________ for the party tonight?
Jim: No, informal clothes are fine. I’m __________________ my shoes. Have you
seen them?
Bob: No. Did you check that closet by the front door?
Jim: Of course, I did! Gosh, my legs hurt. I’m really _____________________
from playing so much soccer today.
Bob: What did you say?
Jim: Oh, _____________________. It wasn’t important.
Bob: Sorry, I’m___________________ the TV news. It’s about the robbery.
Jim: Have the police___________________ who stole the million dollars?
Bob: No, they haven’t.
Jim: ____________________I’ve found my shoes! They were in that closet by the
door_________________!
Bob: I told you so!